- Bowing: gadoulka (kopanka, ghiola, kasnak)
Gadoulka is a Slavonic stringed instrument without a fingerboard as it is in the current violin. Strings are not with one and the same length and the same height. The first string is the lowest, the second is longer and higher and the third is the highest. Usually gadoulkas have three of four strings. In some there are further, thinner metallic strings conforming to the tones, which are played on the instrument with fingers. The folk gadoulka player calls these strings under-sounds that make resonance. Their purpose is to resonate on tones which in the gadoulka sound more deafly and not clearly. As playing on a violin fingers press the strings against the fingerboard still in difference, playing on gadoulka without a fingerboard, fingers, instead of playing onto the strings, touch them with nails. The sonority of gadoulka in comparison, with the sonority of violin is more quiet and deafer, but more pleasant. Possibilities of tones are from "sol" on the little octave still "re" on the second octave.
The tamboura in comparison with the other musical folk instruments is not so diffused as gadoulka. There are tamburas with the different extent very often in the region of Raslog, Gotse Delchev and others. All tamboura's strings are metallic with one and same thickness and are puled with a plectrum, which often is called with the Turkish name "tesane". There are tambouras with two, three, six and eight strings and other with twelve. Folk orchestras are used in utilising the six-stringed tamboura, whose strings are with different thickness and are disposed in three groups too. The violin key is written with notes and has a volume from "la" on the little octave still "la" on the second octave.
Kaval
The kaval is one of the most diffused musical folk instruments used very much from the Bulgarians long time ago still now. It's used in whole Bulgaria but specially in Thrace and Dobrudja. The technical construction of the kaval from all of the kinds is the same. They differ only in the length of the pipe. There are kavals with lengths of 50, 70, 75 and 80 cm. In consequence with it the kavals are with different kind of highs (different tunes). The kaval's volume of the tone is concerned with the tune.
The kaval is one of the most diffused musical folk instruments used very much from the Bulgarians long time ago still now. It's used in whole Bulgaria but specially in Thrace and Dobrudja. The technical construction of the kaval from all of the kinds is the same. They differ only in the length of the pipe. There are kavals with lengths of 50, 70, 75 and 80 cm. In consequence with it the kavals are with different kind of highs (different tunes). The kaval's volume of the tone is concerned with the tune.
The gaida is an instrument which is used from all European nations. It's composed from the following parts: gaidunitsa, ruchilo, duhalo, glavini and meh. Gaidunitsa is the most important part of the gaida and is a kind a pipe with eight holes for the fingers, seven of them which are on the front side and the eight hole is on the back side of the pipe. The tone possibilities of the gaida are poorer then these of the caval. The players are used in differing two main kind. Low (caba) and high (dzhura) - the low type of gaida is diffused in the mountain regions. In Bulgaria is popular so called Rhodopian (mountain) gaida, which is used from the accompaniment of the fine lyrical Rhodopian gaidars. The most used gaida is with the main tone "sol" (dzhura). It's with a loud tone possibilities in comparison to the other kind of gaida.
Sample (23 sec
Sample (23 sec
